Analysis of vulnerability and risk the contamination of semiconfined aquiferes in the Island of Cotijuba/PA

Abstract

It is known that water resources are of vital importance to living things, especially fresh water, especially groundwater. However, with the use and occupation of the soil, studies are sought to develop knowledge on the assessment of vulnerability to pollution of aquifers. Thus, vulnerability and soil contamination potential analyzes were carried out using the GOD and POHS methods, as well as water quality analyzes to evaluate the potability of four groundwater wells on the Island of Cotijuba / PA. In addition, the vulnerability indexes generated by the work of Gomes et al. (2012) for the study region for analysis. In addition, for the POSH method, a survey was carried out to identify the potential sources of contamination located near the wells. In the results obtained from the vulnerability analysis, it was identified that 77.7% of the area of the island has low vulnerability index and 22.3% with moderate index, all the wells are captured from semiconfined aquifers, located in areas of low vulnerability index . In addition, the region of study showed 43.3% of the area with a high contamination potential, mainly to the type of sanitary sewage and agriculture-related activities. However, in areas composed of native vegetation, 56.7% of the area has low potential for contamination. Finally, the water quality analyzes showed no significant changes, however, two of the four wells indicated the presence of Total Coliforms.